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Learning Anatomy With Radiology: A Systematic Review.

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Integrating radiology, particularly ultrasound, into anatomy education significantly boosts medical students

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Anatomy
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Medical students often lack anatomical competence and clinical readiness due to insufficient radiology integration in curricula.
  • Residency program directors report unsatisfactory basic image interpretation skills among interns.
  • Traditional anatomy teaching methods like cadavers and atlases may not fully prepare students for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of various radiology modalities (ultrasound, CT, MRI, X-ray) in enhancing anatomy learning for medical students.
  • To compare radiology-integrated anatomy education with traditional teaching methods.
  • To assess the impact on anatomical knowledge, skills, and student preferences.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, screening 983 articles, and including 52 studies (2000-2025).
  • Studies compared radiology-integrated anatomy education with traditional methods (cadaver, atlas).
  • Data extraction focused on study design, radiology modalities used, and quantitative outcomes (knowledge, skills, attitudes).

Main Results:

  • Significant knowledge gains observed in multiple-choice assessments (pooled Cohen's d = 0.99), though with high heterogeneity (I² = 99.5%).
  • Ultrasound was the predominant modality (85% of studies), while CT, MRI, and X-ray were underrepresented.
  • Attitudinal surveys (68% of studies) indicated strong student preference for radiology-integrated learning.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating radiology, especially ultrasound, into anatomy education substantially improves medical student learning outcomes and clinical preparedness.
  • Radiology integration enhances anatomical knowledge and skills compared to traditional methods.
  • Future research should standardize assessments, explore multimodal approaches, and address global curriculum disparities.