Validity and reliability of the Resident VIEW (Voicing importance, experience, and well-being) and its short form

The Resident VIEW (Voicing Importance, Experience, and  Well-being) is a 63-item measure of person-centered care (PCC) developed for use in residential long-term care settings. We set out to test the psychometric properties of the original Resident VIEW and to develop a short-form version for use in research and quality improvement projects.

Data were collected from 258, 195, and 227 residents living in 32 nursing homes, 119 adult foster homes, and 31 assisted living and residential care residents in Oregon, respectively, using structured interviews and questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine the factor structure and correlations were used to test concurrent validity. A decision-making algorithm was used to develop the short form (SF) of the final Resident VIEW.

Confirmatory factor analysis models showed poor fit for the original eight-factor structure. Based on fit indicators, a revised six-factor structure showed excellent fit to the data across three settings. Based on the factor loadings and other decision-making criteria, the Resident VIEW-SF consists of 10 items representing the six factors, consistent with the multiple dimensional aspects of PCC. The SF is highly correlated with the original Resident VIEW, and both are highly correlated with other indicators of resident well-being.

The Resident VIEW is a valid and reliable tool for assessing resident care preferences within a framework of PCC. The SF can be used in research and quality improvement projects where the long form is burdensome to residents or part of a larger research protocol.