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The triglyceride-glucose index and mortality in chronic kidney and cardiovascular disease patients: A cohort study

Yuying Hou1, Li Tian1, Yinsong Luo2

  • 1Department of Neurology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin (Tianjin University Central Hospital), Tianjin, China.

Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research
|December 7, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index shows a U-shaped link to mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Optimal TyG index levels may lower risks for these high-mortality conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

  • Comorbid chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) significantly increase mortality risk.
  • The predictive capability of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index for mortality in this dual-condition population is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the TyG index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in adults with both CKD and CVD.
  • To identify potential threshold effects and the nature of the relationship (e.g., linear, U-shaped) between TyG index and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 1104 adults with CKD and CVD using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (1999-2018).
  • Application of multivariable Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines to assess mortality associations.
  • Evaluation of threshold effects for the TyG index in relation to mortality outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A significant U-shaped association was observed between the TyG index and both all-cause (p=0.002) and cardiovascular mortality (p=0.014).
  • A TyG index threshold of 8.91 indicated higher mortality risk; values above this threshold were predictive of increased all-cause mortality.
  • The U-shaped relationship was statistically significant in males but not in females.

Conclusions:

  • The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index exhibits a U-shaped association with mortality in individuals with comorbid CKD and CVD.
  • Targeting a specific range for the TyG index may offer a strategy to reduce mortality risk in this patient group.
  • The TyG index shows potential utility in risk stratification and guiding targeted management for patients with CKD and CVD.

Keywords:
NHANEScardiovascular diseasechronic kidney diseasemortalitytriglyceride-glucose index

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