The psychological dimension of obesity - an uncharted territory

To highlight the recent advancements in understanding the influence of psychological factors on the causation and management of obesity, which holds significance for clinical practice.

This review explores developments in understanding psychological risk factors, sequelae, and treatments for obesity. Despite good evidence for psychological therapies in weight management, there are no standardized protocols for assessing patients requiring metabolic and bariatric surgery. Psychological therapies are synergistic with obesity medications.

Obesity is a complex health issue with psychological dimensions. Stress, emotional dysregulation, and cognitive factors contribute to obesity. Stress's physiological impact on adipose tissue distribution and metabolic function, mediated by cortisol, demonstrates this interaction. Obesity leads to psychological consequences, including depression, low self-esteem, and reduced quality of life. The relationship between depression and obesity is modulated by demographic factors and biological mechanisms. Body composition reflects interactions between habits and cultural ideals, and medical models may increase stigma. Psychological interventions like cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing effectively maintain weight loss. Psychological assessments before bariatric surgery are crucial for identifying mental health issues. This review highlights psychological dimensions in obesity prevention and treatment strategies.