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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

408
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

448
The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
448
Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

251
AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
251
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

431
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
431
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

447
Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
447
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

374
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
374

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Cardiac Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Vrinda Vyas1, Vandita Vyas2, Akash Sharma3,4

  • 1Cardiology, ECU Health, Tarboro, NC 27886, USA.

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine
|December 8, 2025
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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease causing organ damage. This review details cardiac issues in SLE patients, covering causes, symptoms, and treatments to reduce heart complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Cardiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibodies and immune complex deposition.
  • Cardiovascular complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in SLE patients.
  • Understanding cardiac involvement is crucial for managing SLE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of cardiac manifestations in SLE.
  • To discuss the epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiac SLE.
  • To explore emerging therapies and future research for mitigating cardiac complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on SLE and cardiovascular disease.
  • Analysis of the role of autoantibodies, endothelial dysfunction, and immune complex-mediated injury.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • SLE affects multiple organs, with significant cardiovascular implications.
  • Key pathogenic mechanisms include autoantibodies, endothelial dysfunction, and immune complex deposition.
  • A range of clinical features, diagnostic tools, and treatment options are available.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac complications are a critical concern in SLE management.
  • Further research into emerging therapies is needed to improve patient outcomes.
  • Integrated approaches are essential for mitigating cardiovascular risks in SLE.