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A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites
Published on: August 8, 2014
Study of Akkermansia muciniphila Effect on the Gut Microbiome of Mice Under LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation
Mikhail Yu Syromyatnikov1,2, Inna Yu Burakova1, Yuliya D Smirnova1
1Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russia.
Abstract:
Probiotics are strains of living bacteria and yeast that play an important role in regulating the gut microbiota and enhancing host immunity. In the last decade, the bacterial species Akkermansia muciniphila has attracted great interest due to its possible probiotic properties, which play an important role in human health. However, the mechanisms of action of A. muciniphila are still poorly understood. The effect of the A. muciniphila on the intestinal microbiome of model animals with systemic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is unexplored. This study aims to investigate the impact of A. muciniphila on the microbiological composition of the mouse gut under LPS-induced systemic inflammation using high-throughput sequencing. The study used a new generation sequencing method aimed at genome-wide sequencing of microorganisms, which makes it possible to study changes in the composition of the microbiome at the bacterial species level, as well as to identify the genes of the metabolic pathways of intestinal bacteria in the studied mice. Our analysis revealed statistically significant differences across all studied groups, with a notable predominance of members from the families Muribaculaceae, Rikenellaceae, and Oscillospiraceae. Consumption of A. muciniphila increased the alpha diversity of gut bacteria (Shannon index) in the context of induced inflammation. Evaluation of the effect of LPS and A. muciniphila on metabolic pathways showed statistically significant differences for the pathways of synthesis and degradation of amino acids, transforming folic acid, and synthesis of sugars. Genetic analysis showed that the probiotic bacterium A. muciniphila reduced the degree of negative effects of LPS on the mouse gut microbiome under systemic inflammation.
Insights
Akkermansia muciniphila, a probiotic, was studied in mice with inflammation. It improved gut microbiome diversity and reduced negative effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on gut bacteria.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Probiotics, including *Akkermansia muciniphila*, are recognized for their roles in gut microbiota regulation and immune enhancement.
- The precise mechanisms of *A. muciniphila*'s action and its effects on inflammatory conditions remain incompletely understood.
- The impact of *A. muciniphila* on the gut microbiome during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation has not been previously explored.
Purpose of the Study:
- This study investigated the influence of *Akkermansia muciniphila* on the gut microbial composition in mice subjected to LPS-induced systemic inflammation.
- The research aimed to elucidate how *A. muciniphila* modulates the mouse gut microbiome and associated metabolic pathways under inflammatory stress.
Main Methods:
- High-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze the gut microbiome composition at the species level in mice.
- Genome-wide sequencing identified genes and metabolic pathways affected by LPS and *A. muciniphila* administration.
- Statistical analyses were performed to determine significant differences in microbial communities and metabolic functions across experimental groups.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in microbial composition were observed, with a prevalence of Muribaculaceae, Rikenellaceae, and Oscillospiraceae families.
- *Akkermansia muciniphila* consumption led to increased alpha diversity (Shannon index) of gut bacteria during induced inflammation.
- Metabolic pathway analysis revealed significant alterations in amino acid synthesis/degradation, folic acid transformation, and sugar synthesis.
Conclusions:
- *Akkermansia muciniphila* demonstrates a protective effect against LPS-induced negative impacts on the mouse gut microbiome during systemic inflammation.
- The probiotic bacterium influences key metabolic pathways, suggesting a role in mitigating inflammation-associated dysbiosis.
- Further research into *A. muciniphila*'s mechanisms is warranted to explore its therapeutic potential in inflammatory conditions.
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