Evaluation of Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) as a Predictive Biomarker for Psoriatic Arthritis in Patients with...

Psoriasis (PsO) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that affects a significant portion of the global population and is associated with various comorbidities, including psoriatic arthritis (PsA). PsA develops in 20-30% of psoriasis patients and significantly impacts patient quality of life. Currently, early detection of PsA remains challenging, with no reliable, non-invasive biomarker for risk assessment. This study aims to evaluate the utility of pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), along with other inflammatory indices, in predicting the development of PsA in patients with PsO.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 101 psoriasis patients (51 PsO, 50 PsA). Hematological parameters, including neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet counts, were collected, and various inflammatory indices (PIV, SIRI, SII, NLR) were calculated. The diagnostic performance of these indices was assessed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. As a retrospective, double-center study with a limited sample size, the findings should be interpreted with caution and validated in larger, prospective cohorts.

The study found significant differences between PsA and PsO patients in terms of inflammatory indices, with higher PIV, SII, SIRI, and NLR levels observed in PsA patients. The diagnostic performance of PIV (AUC 0.63), SII (AUC 0.70), SIRI (AUC 0.64), and NLR (AUC 0.71) indicated that elevated levels of these indices could serve as potential markers for PsA risk. Additionally, PIV was significantly correlated with SII, SIRI, and NLR levels.

PIV and other inflammatory indices, particularly NLR and SII, show promise as biomarkers for predicting the onset of PsA in patients with PsO. These findings may aid in early identification and timely intervention for PsA, improving patient outcomes and informing treatment strategies.