Current perspectives and guidelines on liver transplantation for metastatic colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally, with 20%-25% of patients diagnosed at stage IV, significantly affecting overall survival (OS). Only 14% of stage IV patients survive for 5 years with palliative chemotherapy. However, the role of liver transplantation (LT) in the management of CRC liver metastasis (CRCLM) is an evolving area of interest. Recent advancements in oncologic outcomes and clinical understanding have prompted the re-evaluation of LT as a viable treatment option for CRCLM. A promising result from some prospective pilot studies reported a 5-year OS rate of 60% after LT for patients with CRCLM. Key factors influencing eligibility include tumor biology, absence of extrahepatic disease, and the patient's performance status. By synthesizing the latest research findings, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview that summarizes the most relevant data related to the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent LT for CRCLM. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview by synthesizing the latest research findings. This review discusses the inclusion criteria and eligibility for LT in CRCLM, which are of great importance to patient outcomes.