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Association between serum total cholesterol levels and Crohn's clinical disease severity: a retrospective
Jinchun Ni1, Yunna Tang1, Fangyuan Zhou1,2,3
1Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Research Center for Gut Microbiota and Digestive Diseases of Fujian Province, The National Key Clinical Specialty, School of Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Background:
This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum total cholesterol (TC) levels and the clinical activity of Crohn's disease (CD).
Methods:
One hundred and four patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and twenty healthy volunteers were included in the analysis. Serum uric acid (SUA) levels and indicators related to lipid metabolism were measured within 1 week before undergoing endoscopic and CT enterography (CTE) examinations. Patients were divided into groups based on their Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) scores.
Results:
Patients were categorized into mild and moderate groups, with no patients meeting the criteria for severe CD. The serum uric acid (SUA) and triglyceride (TG) levels were similar between CD patients and the control group (p > 0.05). However, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1), apolipoprotein B (apo B), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were higher in the control group (p < 0.05). The TC and LDL-C levels were lower in the moderate patients compared to those in mild group (p < 0.05). TC ≤ 3.5 mmol/L was identified as an independent risk factor for more severe disease (OR = 4.50, 95%CI 1.612-12.561, p = 0.004). TC levels were correlated to both CRP and CDAI scores negatively (p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
TC may serve as a potential supplementary marker for clinical disease activity in CD, but further research, including longitudinal studies, is needed to confirm its reliability.
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