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Association of PLA2G2A single nucleotide polymorphism and cardiometabolic diseases in an HIV-infected population

Elvis Ngwa Ndonwi1,2, Unati Nqebelele3, Tandi Edith Matsha1,4

  • 1South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, Western Cape 7535, South Africa.

Biomedical Reports
|December 8, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) gene are linked to cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). This study explored PLA2 gene SNPs and CMDs in South African HIV-infected individuals, finding potential utility for PLA2G2A in risk assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) gene are associated with cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs).
  • Associations between PLA2 gene SNPs and CMDs have not been established in HIV-infected African populations.
  • This study investigated these associations in a South African HIV-infected cohort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between PLA2 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) in a South African human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected population.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 716 HIV-infected participants from Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Assessment of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) for investigated SNPs.
  • Comparison of CMDs across genotypes using linear and logistic regression, adjusted for age and sex.

Main Results:

  • SNP rs4744 genotypes (GG dominant, AA recessive) were in HWE.
  • The rs4744 dominant genotype was associated with higher high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and BMI ≥30 kg/m².
  • The rs4744 recessive genotype was linked to dyslipidemia (low HDL-C) and metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Conclusions:

  • The phospholipase A2 group IIA (PLA2G2A) gene shows potential utility for assessing cardiometabolic disease risk.
  • This is particularly relevant for African individuals living with HIV.
  • PLA2G2A may serve as a biomarker for CMD risk stratification in this population.

Keywords:
cardiometabolic risk factorsdyslipidemiahuman immunodeficiency virusmetabolic syndromers4744 single nucleotide polymorphism

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