Copper-Doped Chromium Oxide Delafossite: Sputtering Process, Material Properties, and Device Applications: A Detailed...

Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) are essential for modern optoelectronic technologies, providing a perfect combination of great optical transparency and superior electrical conductivity. Although n-type transparent conductive oxides dominate in the field, the advancement of p-type TCOs is crucial for the realization of entirely transparent electrical devices. Delafossite-based Copper-doped chromium oxide (CuCrO₂) is a notable p-type TCO, exhibiting significant optical transparency, electrical conductivity, and magnetic adaptability. Its abundant and nontoxic characteristics further augment its attractiveness for sustainable energy and optoelectronic applications. This review examines the fabrication and optimization of sputtered CuCrO₂ thin films, highlighting deposition procedures, post-treatment methods, and their effects on structural, morphological, electrical, and optical properties. The material's excellent sheet conductivity and improved valence band alignment resolve permanent issues in the development of p-type transparent conductive oxides. The applications of CuCrO₂ include transparent optoelectronics, light-emitting diodes, thin-film transistors, and solar energy systems. Sputtered CuCrO₂ films balance transparency and conductivity, facilitating the development of novel and sustainable devices. This review offers essential insights for guiding future research and practical implementation, positioning CuCrO₂ as a fundamental component for next-generation transparent electronics.