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Epidemiological profile of SARS-CoV-2 in Mauritania

Khadijetou Ahmed¹, Sidi M Mohamed Mahmoud¹, Cheikh T Hamed²

¹Research Unit-Molecular Epidemiology and Diversity of Microorganisms (EMDM)- FST, Nouakchott University, Nouakchott, Mauritania.

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries

|December 8, 2025

Abstract

Introduction:

This study was conducted with a profound sense of urgency and has provided significant results that will complement previous studies carried out in Mauritania-a country with unique socio-economic and healthcare characteristics-to monitor the epidemiological situation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The study aimed to comprehensively and rigorously investigate the epidemiological profile of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains circulating in Mauritanian patients.

Methodology:

This descriptive study was carried out on 84 patients at the Cheikh Mohamed Ben Zayed Hospital and the National Institute of Hepato-Virology in Nouakchott. The samples were sequenced by next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the Illumina NextSeq 2000 type. The data were analyzed by the EPI Info 7 and SPSS 21 software.

Results:

The average age of the patients was 51 years, and the distribution of cases by age showed that the virus did not select a specific age group. The results indicated that the most frequent variant was Delta (33.33%). The death rate was very high (34.52%) compared to the national death rate, with a peak in the 58-69 years age group.

Conclusions:

This study provides an overview of the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Mauritania. These findings not only help identify what policies or strategies should be designed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, but also pave the way for a more effective response to similar pandemics in the future.

Keywords:

Delta variant Mauritania SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology

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