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Association Between Oral Health Problems and Food Insufficiency Among Children With Developmental Delays.

Minjung Kim1, Andrew C Persch2, Eunhye Seo3

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Children with developmental delays experiencing oral health problems face increased food insufficiency. Poor maternal mental health and low income further exacerbate this issue, highlighting the need for integrated support.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Children with developmental delays (DD) exhibit significant health challenges, including oral health issues that impact nutrition and food security.
  • Oral health problems in children with DD can disrupt eating patterns, contributing to food insufficiency.
  • Addressing these interconnected issues is crucial for improving overall health outcomes in this vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between oral health problems and food insufficiency in children with developmental delays.
  • To identify other contributing factors, such as maternal mental health and socioeconomic status, related to food insufficiency in this group.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study utilizing data from the 2022 National Survey of Children's Health.
  • Analysis included 1,483 children (ages 3-17) with developmental delays.
  • Ordinal logistic regression models were employed, adjusting for child, health, and socioeconomic variables to assess associations.

Main Results:

  • 26.2% of children with developmental delays reported oral health problems.
  • Oral health problems were significantly associated with food insufficiency (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.72).
  • Poor maternal mental health (AOR = 4.14) and low-income households (AOR = 9.82) showed strong associations with food insufficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Oral health problems, maternal mental health, and socioeconomic disparities are interconnected determinants of food insufficiency in children with developmental delays.
  • Findings underscore the need for accessible dental care, caregiver support, and food assistance programs.
  • Occupational therapists can play a role in caregiver training and advocacy to improve access to oral health and nutritional resources.