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Meta-analysis of risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with cervical spinal cord injury
Yichen Gong1, Ning Li1,2
1Center for Rehabilitation Assessment and Treatment, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Objective:
To conduct a meta-analysis of the literature to summarize the risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with cervical spinal cord injury.
Methods:
Computer-based searches were performed in CNKI, CBM, Wanfang Database, VIP Series Databases, The Cochrane Library, WOS, PubMed, Springer Link, EBSCO, MEDLINE and other databases. The time frame was from January 1, 2000 to April 1, 2025. Case-control studies and cohort studies related publications were searched according to subject terms and free words. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 publications were identified, and finally meta-analysis was performed on them by Review Manager 5.3 software.
Results:
Seven publications met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 912 cases and 742 controls. The results of meta-analysis showed that the risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with cervical spinal cord injury were: American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) - AIS A and AIS B (OR: 3.90, 95% CI: 2.74-5.53), high-level injury (OR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.69-4.40), hormone shock therapy (OR: 4.14, 95% CI: 2.58-6.62), smoking history (OR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.54-3.55), operation time (P < 0.00001, I2 = 96%), hypoalbuminemia (P < 0.00001, I2 = 96%), and age (P < 0.00001, I2 = 95%).
Conclusion:
AIS A and B, high-level injury, hormone shock therapy and smoking history are risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with cervical spinal cord injury. Controlling the above factors can effectively reduce the incidence of pulmonary infection in patients with cervical spinal cord injury.
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