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Related Concept Videos

P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

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A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
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Atom Probe Tomography Studies on the CuIn,GaSe2 Grain Boundaries
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Grain Boundary Engineering Enables 22.2%-Efficient Inverted Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells in Ambient Air.

Zhenyu Wang1,2, Guoxin Wu3, Jiancun Wang3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.

ACS Nano
|December 8, 2025
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Summary

A new passivation strategy using lead dibutyldithiocarbamate (PbDBuDTC) enhances wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) fabricated in air. This method improves charge transport and stability, paving the way for industrial perovskite photovoltaic applications.

Keywords:
air-processeddefect passivationgrain boundary inversionperovskite solar cellswide-bandgap

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy
  • Solid-State Physics

Background:

  • Wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells (WBG PSCs) are crucial for high-efficiency tandem applications.
  • Industrial scaling requires ambient air fabrication, which introduces grain boundary (GB) defects limiting charge transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a defect-engineering strategy for air-processed WBG PSCs.
  • To improve charge separation and device stability by passivating GB defects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized lead dibutyldithiocarbamate (PbDBuDTC) as an interfacial passivator for 1.68 eV WBG perovskite films.
  • Employed Kelvin probe force microscopy to analyze work function changes at GBs.
  • Assessed device performance and stability under ambient conditions.

Main Results:

  • PbDBuDTC treatment inverted the GB band structure from p-n-p to n-p-n, facilitating charge separation.
  • Achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.2% for air-processed WBG PSCs.
  • Demonstrated exceptional device stability, retaining 90.7% PCE after 1000 hours under ambient conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The grain boundary band inversion strategy effectively mitigates defects and enhances performance in air-processed WBG PSCs.
  • PbDBbDTC passivation offers a viable route for industrializing stable and efficient perovskite solar cells.
  • This defect-engineering approach reconciles high efficiency with ambient-air fabrication requirements.