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Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
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Telemedicine characteristics using WhatsApp™ in ophthalmology.

Carlos Sevillano1, Verónica Rodríguez López2

  • 1Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital do Salnés, Spain.

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|December 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

WhatsApp™ (WhatsApp) is a cost-effective telemedicine tool for faster clinical practice. This study found it useful for quick diagnoses, avoiding in-person visits and identifying serious conditions.

Keywords:
CaracterísticasCharacteristicsOftalmologíaOphthalmologyTeleconsultaTeleconsultationWhatsApp®WhatsApp™

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Digital Health
  • Telemedicine

Background:

  • Telemedicine offers reduced diagnostic times and cost-effectiveness.
  • WhatsApp™ is a widely used instant messaging application in clinical practice.
  • Analysis of WhatsApp™ utility in clinical practice is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the use of WhatsApp™ in clinical practice.
  • To determine the usefulness of WhatsApp™ for everyday clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Collected teleconsultations via WhatsApp™ from 2024.
  • Analyzed consultation origin, reason, diagnoses, and patient demographics.
  • Included 206 teleconsultations.

Main Results:

  • 65% of teleconsultations were initiated by patients.
  • Average patient age was 42.66 years; 38% were male.
  • Common diagnoses included conjunctivitis and refractive errors (ametropias).
  • WhatsApp™ facilitated rapid communication, especially with younger patients.
  • 77% of face-to-face consultations were avoided.
  • Potentially serious conditions were identified and addressed promptly.

Conclusions:

  • WhatsApp™ is a cost-effective and fast tool.
  • It offers significant advantages for daily clinical practice.
  • It enhances patient care through efficient communication and timely diagnosis.