Biochemical study on microRNAs (miR-410, miR-133 and miR-582) in Egyptian type 1 diabetic patients

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disease with numerous consequences that are especially linked to it. Because microRNAs (miRNAs) are produced specifically in the pancreas and remain stable in various bodily fluids, they can be used for early diagnosis as well as tracking the course and severity of the disease. This study examined the serum expression of miR-410, miR-133, and miR-582 in Egyptian patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

There were two groups of 120 participants in this study: 40 healthy children and 80 diabetic children. Samples of venous blood were obtained from every participant. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method was used to determine the serum expressions of miR-410, miR-133, and miR-582.

Our findings showed a statistically significant difference in the median relative expression levels of miR-410, miR-133, and miR-582 between the T1DM group and the control group. T1DM patients had higher levels of miR-410 (P < .0001), miR- 133 (P = .006), and miR-582 (P < .0001) compared to controls. ROC curve analysis indicated that miR-410, miR-133, and miR-582 can distinguish T1DM patients from healthy subjects. For miR-410, at a cutoff point of 0.0009, sensitivity was 62%, specificity was 80%, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.713. For miR-133, the cutoff was 0.0016, with AUC 0.628, sensitivity 63%, and specificity 60%. For miR-582, the cutoff was 0.00028, with AUC 0.668, sensitivity 71.0%, and specificity 50%.