Complete genome sequence of Heyndrickxia oleronia EISK28 isolated from human facial skin

Heyndrickxia oleronia is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium originally isolated from termites but has gained clinical importance due to its association with Demodex mites and rosacea, a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Despite its clinical relevance, genomic resources from human-associated environments remain limited, with existing reference genomes derived from ecologically distant sources. This study aimed to provide the first complete genome sequence of H. oleronia EISK28 isolated from human facial skin to support future research on its role in skin health and disease.

H. oleronia EISK28 was isolated from human facial skin and sequenced using Oxford Nanopore long-read technology. De novo assembly resulted in a single complete circular chromosome of 5,118,808 bp with 164× coverage depth. Structural annotation identified 5,143 genes comprising 4,958 CDSs, 36 rRNAs, 144 tRNAs, 5 non-coding RNAs, and 65 pseudo genes. Functional annotation assigned the predicted CDSs to 22 of 25 COG categories and identified 93 carbohydrate-active enzymes. Secondary metabolite analysis revealed three biosynthetic gene clusters, and genome-based antibiotic resistance profiling predicted 11 resistance genes, while phenotypic testing confirmed resistance to ampicillin and penicillin. Mobile genetic element screening detected 34 insertion sequences, 2 prophages, and 16 genomic islands but no association with antibiotic resistance genes.