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Related Concept Videos

Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1
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Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1

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Cross-Cell line transcriptome profiling reveals host-Virus interactions in monkeypox virus infection.

Hongyang Yi1, Sumei Yang1, Jiayu Deng1

  • 1Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.

Emerging Microbes & Infections
|December 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection disrupts host cell pathways, impacting immune response and cell regulation. Targeting mTOR and growth factor receptors shows promise for inhibiting MPXV, aiding antiviral development.

Keywords:
EGFR inhibitorMonkeypox virus (MPXV)cell linemTOR inhibitortranscriptomic analysis

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Single-cell Quantitation of mRNA and Surface Protein Expression in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-infected CD4+ T Cells Isolated from Rhesus macaques
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Single-cell Quantitation of mRNA and Surface Protein Expression in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-infected CD4+ T Cells Isolated from Rhesus macaques
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Single-cell Quantitation of mRNA and Surface Protein Expression in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-infected CD4+ T Cells Isolated from Rhesus macaques

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Monkeypox virus (MPXV), an Orthopoxvirus, is causing global outbreaks, posing a significant public health threat.
  • The molecular mechanisms of MPXV-host interactions are not well understood, hindering effective treatment development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of MPXV Clade IIb infection on the host transcriptome.
  • To compare mRNA sequencing methods for MPXV transcriptome profiling.
  • To identify and validate therapeutic targets against MPXV infection.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic transcriptomic analysis of MPXV-infected cell lines.
  • Comparison of ribosomal RNA depletion and poly(A) tail enrichment for mRNA sequencing.
  • Temporal transcriptomic analysis in A549 cells.
  • Prediction and validation of therapeutic targets.

Main Results:

  • MPXV infection caused conserved and cell-type-specific transcriptomic changes, affecting immune response, cell cycle, metabolism, protein synthesis, and epigenetics.
  • Ribosomal RNA depletion provided a more comprehensive viral mRNA profile than poly(A) enrichment.
  • Stage-specific MPXV gene expression regulation was identified.
  • Inhibitors of the mTOR pathway and growth factor receptors effectively inhibited MPXV infection.

Conclusions:

  • MPXV infection profoundly alters host cell functions.
  • Ribosomal RNA depletion is a superior method for MPXV transcriptome profiling.
  • Targeting the mTOR pathway and growth factor receptors represents a viable antiviral strategy against MPXV.