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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Ye's Swing Technique for Small-incision Lenticule Extraction Surgery
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Ye's Swing Technique for Small-incision Lenticule Extraction Surgery

Published on: June 27, 2025

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Factors Influencing Astigmatic Correction Using Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction: A Systematic Review and

Shuangcheng Li1, Xuan Chen1, Jiaxin Song2

  • 1School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.

Journal of Ophthalmology
|December 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

SMILE effectively corrects astigmatism. However, high ocular residual astigmatism may lead to undercorrection, emphasizing the need for precise vector planning in astigmatism correction for optimal outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Refractive Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Astigmatism correction is a key goal in refractive surgery.
  • Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) is an advanced laser vision correction procedure.
  • Understanding factors influencing SMILE's efficacy in astigmatism correction is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effectiveness of SMILE for astigmatism correction.
  • To identify key factors influencing the outcomes of SMILE-based astigmatism correction.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review across eight databases.
  • Comparison of pre- and post-SMILE refractive astigmatism parameters.
  • Assessment of bias using established quality assessment tools.

Main Results:

  • SMILE effectively corrects low, moderate, and high astigmatism.
  • Elevated ocular residual astigmatism (ORA) correlated with increased postoperative residual astigmatism and index of success.
  • Correction outcomes were influenced by ocular rotation, astigmatism characteristics, and patient age.

Conclusions:

  • SMILE is effective for various degrees of astigmatism.
  • High ORA patients may experience undercorrection, highlighting the importance of vector planning.
  • Accurate astigmatism correction with SMILE necessitates careful preoperative planning.