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Updated: Jul 20, 2026
07:07
Development of a Direct Pulp-capping Model for the Evaluation of Pulpal Wound Healing and Reparative Dentin Formation in Mice
Published on: January 12, 2017
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Scaffold-based Strategies for Direct Pulp Capping in Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Gisele Brito de Queiroz1, Gabriella Alves Julião Costa1, João Paulo Mota de Paulo1
1Department of Dentistry, Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
Iranian Endodontic Journal
|December 9, 2025
Summary
Three-dimensional scaffolds show promise for dental pulp regeneration, enhancing cellularity and dentin thickness. However, their effectiveness in dentin bridge formation and pulp organization requires further investigation for clinical use.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Dental Research
Background:
- Conventional dental pulp capping materials have limited regenerative capacity, often leading to pulp devitalization.
- Tissue engineering, particularly 3D scaffolds, offers potential for dentin-pulp complex regeneration.
- Biomimetic repair of dental tissues is a key goal in restorative dentistry.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of 3D matrices as direct pulp capping agents in animal models.
- To compare the outcomes of 3D scaffolds with or without bioactive materials against commercial materials.
- To evaluate effects on cellularity, dentin thickness, dentin bridge formation, calcification, inflammation, and pulp organization.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search across indexed databases and gray literature.
- Random-effects meta-analysis using standardized mean differences and inverse variance method.
- Assessment of heterogeneity (I²), publication bias, and risk of bias using SYRCLE's RoB tool.
Main Results:
- Seventeen studies were included, with 13 in the meta-analysis; risk of bias was generally low, but evidence certainty was very low.
- 3D scaffolds significantly improved cellularity (P=0.02), dentin thickness (P<0.00001), and inflammation control (P=0.03).
- No significant differences were found for dentin bridge formation (P=0.30), dystrophic calcification (P=0.14), or pulp organization (P=0.10).
Conclusions:
- 3D scaffolds show potential for enhancing cellular activity, dentin formation, and controlling inflammation in direct pulp capping.
- The impact of 3D scaffolds on dentin bridge formation, pulp organization, and dystrophic calcification remains inconclusive.
- Further high-quality research is necessary to confirm the clinical applicability of 3D scaffolds for dental pulp regeneration.
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