Optimized Design of a Magnetic-Controlled Transportation Tool for Directional Cell Migration

To address the challenge of efficiently guiding directional cell migration, this study optimizes the design of a magnetically controlled transportation tool for cell migration. The magnetic carriers are fabricated using digital light processing, with biocompatibility, magnetic particle dispersion, mechanical properties, magnetism, and printability serving as the selection criteria. Based on these evaluations, a base material and a magnetic particle content of 30 wt.% are determined. Three geometric designs, cylindrical, single-conical, and double-conical ribbon-shaped helical, are developed. A Helmholtz coil-based magnetic control system is constructed. The relationships among target motion, required magnetic field, and input current are analyzed to achieve precise motion control of the cell carriers. Experiments reveal that the single-conical ribbon-shaped structure achieves the highest speed at a rotation frequency of 10 Hz. Finite element simulations optimize the geometric parameters of the helical robot, achieving a motion speed of 0.97 mm s^-1, a 1.5 fold improvement over existing literature. Cell experiments demonstrate good biocompatibility, with cells adhering well to the carrier surface and being precisely detached and delivered under ultrasound. This study provides a reference for targeted delivery, precise therapy, and tissue repair using exogenous cells such as stem cells.