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LR-PRP-saturated bioactive bovine-derived decellularized pericardium accelerates osteogenesis in a rabbit bone defect

Mahmoud M Abouelfetouh1,2, Hao Li1, Eman Salah3

  • 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China.

Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|December 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Combining decellularized bovine pericardium (dBP) with leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (LR-PRP) significantly enhances bone defect repair in rabbits. This combination offers a promising approach for improved bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.

Keywords:
Computed tomographyDecellularized bovine pericardiumHistopathological analysisLeukocyte-rich platelet rich plasmaOsteogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Decellularized biological scaffolds combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can enable sustained growth factor release for tissue regeneration.
  • Leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (LR-PRP) and decellularized bovine pericardium (dBP) were investigated for their synergistic effects on bone repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the combined efficacy of dBP and LR-PRP in promoting bone healing within a rabbit femoral defect model.

Main Methods:

  • Bovine pericardium was decellularized using a Trypsin-Triton X-SDS protocol and characterized for residual cellular material and matrix components.
  • Unicortical femoral defects were created in rabbits and treated with either no treatment, LR-PRP alone, or LR-PRP combined with dBP.
  • Bone healing was assessed using quantitative computed tomography (CT) and histopathological analysis at 2 and 4 weeks post-surgery.

Main Results:

  • Decellularized bovine pericardium (dBP) demonstrated successful decellularization (99.2% nucleus removal) while preserving glycosaminoglycan and collagen content.
  • Quantitative CT revealed significant increases in bone mineral density in the LR-PRP + dBP group compared to controls at both 2 (+33.2%) and 4 (+56.2%) weeks.
  • The LR-PRP + dBP group showed significantly higher bone repair scores and nascent bone area fraction (87.8%) compared to the LR-PRP alone group (54%) in histopathological analyses.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of dBP and LR-PRP exhibits a synergistic effect, significantly enhancing bone defect repair.
  • This combined scaffold strategy holds promise for developing advanced biocompatible materials for bone regeneration.
  • The findings support the potential of dBP as a scaffold for delivering LR-PRP to improve bone healing outcomes.