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The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain
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Two cortical navigation systems and their differential development.

Rebecca J Rennert1, Daniel D Dilks1

  • 1Emory University, Department of Psychology, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|December 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The occipital place area (OPA), crucial for visually-guided navigation, develops later than the retrosplenial complex (RSC), vital for map-based navigation. This study confirms OPA

Keywords:
fmri adaptationoccipital place areapediatric neuroimagingretrosplenial complexscene processing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • The occipital place area (OPA) supports visually-guided navigation, while the retrosplenial complex (RSC) supports map-based navigation.
  • Previous research suggests a counterintuitive developmental timeline where OPA might develop later than RSC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly test the hypothesis that OPA develops later than RSC.
  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of OPA and RSC in representing spatial information in children.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) adaptation was employed.
  • The study included 5- and 8-year-old children.
  • Researchers assessed the representation of left/right information in OPA and RSC.

Main Results:

  • In 5-year-olds, OPA did not represent left/right information, but it did in 8-year-olds.
  • RSC represented left/right information in 5-year-olds, similar to 8-year-olds.
  • These findings support the hypothesis of differential developmental rates for OPA and RSC.

Conclusions:

  • The OPA, involved in visually-guided navigation, develops later than the RSC, which supports map-based navigation.
  • This distinct developmental timeline supports the hypothesis that OPA and RSC serve separate functions in human navigation.
  • The findings highlight differing maturation rates for distinct navigation systems in the brain.