Generative epigenetic landscapes map the topology and topography of cell fates

  • 0Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada.

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new generative model for building Waddington landscapes from data, enabling systematic inference of cell fate dynamics. The approach reveals interpretable and predictive epigenetic landscapes, advancing developmental biology research.

Area Of Science

  • Developmental Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background

  • Waddington's epigenetic landscapes conceptualize cell fate dynamics.
  • Modern models use attractors and stochasticity for cell decisions.
  • Systematic tools to infer and build these landscapes are lacking.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To propose a generative model for deriving epigenetic landscapes compatible with biological data.
  • To develop interpretable models by combining gradient and rotational vector fields.
  • To enable systematic inference and construction of Waddington landscapes.

Main Methods

  • Developed a generative model combining gradient and rotational vector fields.
  • Utilized locally weighted elements to encode landscape valleys.
  • Employed computational evolution for landscape optimization.
  • Applied the model to metazoan segmentation and neuromesoderm differentiation.

Main Results

  • Successfully derived ensembles of epigenetic landscapes for developmental examples.
  • Revealed both known and novel landscape topologies and bifurcations.
  • Demonstrated that topographic features are constrained by dynamical data.
  • Generated interpretable and predictive epigenetic landscape models.

Conclusions

  • The proposed generative model provides a systematic approach to infer epigenetic landscapes.
  • The method yields interpretable models constrained by dynamical data.
  • This approach facilitates quantitative and predictive descriptions of cell fate dynamics.

Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation 01:37

3.7K

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

Epigenetic Regulation 01:46

33.4K

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

In most mammals, females have two X chromosomes (XX) while males have an X and a Y chromosome (XY). The X chromosome contains significantly more genes than the Y chromosome. Therefore, to prevent an excess of X chromosome-linked gene expression in females, one of the two X chromosomes is randomly silenced during early development....

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression 02:35

24.6K

Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures 03:17

7.2K

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance 02:30

36.7K

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells 01:32

2.1K

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...