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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Generation of CAR T Cells for Adoptive Therapy in the Context of Glioblastoma Standard of Care
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Generation of CAR T Cells for Adoptive Therapy in the Context of Glioblastoma Standard of Care

Published on: February 16, 2015

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Functional genomics for improving adoptive T-cell transfer therapies.

Joseph G Skeate1,2,3, Chang-Jung Lee3,4, Carli Stewart5,6,7

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer
|December 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Forward genetic screens using CRISPR and Sleeping Beauty transposon mutagenesis identify novel genetic targets to enhance adoptive cell therapy (ACT) effectiveness in solid tumors. These tools overcome challenges like tumor microenvironment and T-cell exhaustion, improving ACT durability.

Keywords:
Adoptive cell therapy - ACTGenomeNext generation sequencing - NGSTumor microenvironment - TME

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Area of Science:

  • Cancer immunotherapy
  • Functional genomics
  • Genetic engineering

Background:

  • Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) shows promise for leukemia but faces challenges in solid tumors.
  • Limitations include toxicities, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and T-cell exhaustion.
  • Ex vivo T-cell engineering offers opportunities for genetic modification to improve ACT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize forward genetic screens and tools for enhancing ACT.
  • To identify novel genetic targets for improving ACT efficacy in solid tumors.
  • To explore complementary approaches for discovering translatable genetic editing strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing CRISPR for functional genomics and understanding resistance mechanisms.
  • Employing Sleeping Beauty transposon mutagenesis for discovering novel genetic edits.
  • Summarizing findings from forward genetic screens.

Main Results:

  • Forward genetic screens identify genetic targets to enhance ACT.
  • CRISPR and Sleeping Beauty transposon mutagenesis are key tools.
  • Complementary approaches can uncover strategies to overcome ACT limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Forward genetic screens are valuable for discovering genetic edits to improve ACT.
  • Combining tools like CRISPR and Sleeping Beauty enhances target identification.
  • Further research is needed to recapitulate disease-specific challenges for translatable strategies.