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Related Concept Videos

Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

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Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
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Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

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Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
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Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

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Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
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Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

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Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
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Responses to Salt Stress02:02

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Salt stress—which can be triggered by high salt concentrations in a plant’s environment—can significantly affect plant growth and crop production by influencing photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients.
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Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Real-time In Vivo Recording of Arabidopsis Calcium Signals During Insect Feeding Using a Fluorescent Biosensor
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Calcium signaling in crops.

Chunxia Zhang1,2, Yang Song3, Jörg Kudla4,5

  • 1Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.

The New Phytologist
|December 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant calcium (Ca2+) signaling is crucial for growth and stress response. Harnessing genetic variation in Ca2+ pathways can improve crop resilience and yield.

Keywords:
calcium signalingcrop improvementgene editingsmart cropsstress resiliencesynthetic genetic variation

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Agronomy

Background:

  • Calcium (Ca2+) signaling is fundamental to plant development and stress responses.
  • Ca2+ signaling involves signal generation and decoding by Ca2+-binding proteins.
  • The network-like organization of Ca2+ signaling provides robustness and versatility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review fundamental principles of plant Ca2+ signaling.
  • To synthesize current research on Ca2+ signaling in major crop plants.
  • To explore strategies for enhancing crop traits using Ca2+ signaling variation.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of Ca2+ signaling mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of research findings in crop plants.
  • Discussion of genetic variation and artificial intelligence applications.

Main Results:

  • Ca2+ signaling components influence agronomically important traits in crops.
  • Exploiting natural and synthetic genetic diversity in Ca2+ pathways offers crop improvement strategies.
  • Artificial intelligence can aid in identifying and creating superior alleles for crop genomes.

Conclusions:

  • Leveraging Ca2+ signaling research presents promising avenues for improving crop stress resilience and yield stability.
  • Translating Ca2+ signaling discoveries into practical crop improvement requires addressing current challenges and exploring new perspectives.