Temporary Tattoo Application Developed Based on 3-dimensional Design in Marking of Breast Reduction/Lift Surgery

Preoperative markings are essential in breast reduction surgery, yet conventional hand-drawn methods may be prone to inaccuracies, particularly in patients with large or ptotic breasts. This study aimed to introduce and evaluate a standardized preoperative drawing method using temporary tattoos based on 3-dimensional (3D) breast modeling. Three-dimensional breast models were created using Blender 3D software, incorporating various base diameters and nipple-areola complex widths. The models were flattened into 2D templates and transferred to skin using temporary tattoos. A 5-step standardized drawing protocol was designed and applied to the simulated model. Ratios between breast base circumference and nipple-areola complex diameter were analyzed to guide excision planning. The 2D templates preserved key proportional relationships derived from 3D analysis. The use of temporary tattoos reduced variability in markings caused by tissue elasticity and human error. Tattoos remained intact for several days, enabling surgeons to perform and verify markings ahead of surgery without disruption to daily activities. Temporary tattoos based on 3D modeling offer a reproducible, patient-friendly, and easy guide for preoperative planning in breast reduction surgery. This method may enhance surgical precision and improve aesthetic outcomes.