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Two-layer dynamic blood phantom for assessing NIRS device accuracy.

E Russomanno1,2, X Yang2, H Zohdi1,3

  • 1Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory (BORL), Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Biomedical Optics Express
|December 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel multi-layer phantom was developed to mimic the human head for near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device validation. This tool aids in evaluating NIRS device depth sensitivity and guides future development.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Medical Device Engineering

Background:

  • Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is crucial for non-invasive monitoring of oxygenation and hemodynamics.
  • Accurate validation of NIRS devices relies on phantoms that replicate human tissue optical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multi-layer blood-lipid phantom simulating the human head's layered anatomy.
  • To assess the depth sensitivity of different NIRS devices using the developed phantom.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed a phantom with two adjustable liquid layers (brain, superficial tissues) and two fixed solid layers.
  • Mimicked optical properties and dynamic characteristics of biological tissues.
  • Tested INVOS 7100 and Masimo O3 NIRS devices on the phantom.

Main Results:

  • The phantom differentiated NIRS device performance regarding superficial layer influence.
  • Masimo O3 showed less influence from superficial changes (RMSE ~50%) compared to INVOS 7100 (RMSE ~35%).
  • This indicates superior depth sensitivity for the Masimo O3 device.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multi-layer phantom is a valuable tool for NIRS device evaluation.
  • It aids in assessing and improving the depth sensitivity of NIRS technologies.
  • The phantom can guide the development and refinement of NIRS devices for clinical applications.