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Modified Relative Handgrip Strength and Tooth Loss: A Nationwide Study
Yoon-Jin Kim1, Ji-Eun Kim1, Choong-Ho Choi1,2
1Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|December 10, 2025
Summary
Handgrip strength (HGS), adjusted for waist circumference (WC), is strongly linked to reduced tooth loss. This finding highlights the potential of WC-adjusted HGS as an indicator for oral health risk assessment.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Gerontology
- Oral Health Epidemiology
Background:
- Handgrip strength (HGS) is a key indicator of overall muscular fitness and health.
- Previous research has explored links between absolute or BMI-adjusted HGS and systemic conditions.
- The association between modified relative HGS indices and tooth loss remains unexamined.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between tooth loss and various modified relative HGS indices.
- To utilize nationally representative data for a comprehensive analysis.
- To explore novel anthropometric adjustments for HGS in relation to oral health.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014-2023, n=52,206).
- Calculation of relative HGS by adjusting dominant HGS with various body indices.
- Classification of oral status (functional ≥20 teeth vs. reduced <20 teeth) and statistical analysis (chi-square, t-test, IRR, ROC).
Main Results:
- Waist circumference (WC)-based relative HGS demonstrated the strongest inverse association with tooth loss (IRR=0.505).
- Relative HGS indicators adjusted for central adiposity measures (WC, WHtR, WWI) showed the highest diagnostic accuracy for predicting tooth loss (AUC ≈ 0.63).
- All HGS indicators showed significant differences based on the functional dentition criterion (p<0.001).
Conclusions:
- WC-adjusted relative HGS is a significant inverse predictor of tooth loss.
- This metric shows potential for early identification of individuals at high risk for tooth loss.
- Findings support integrating HGS measures into multidisciplinary oral health strategies.
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