Unified Electrical and Sliding Control of the Spin-Valley-Layer Polarized Anomalous Hall Effect in Janus YFI Bilayers

Two-dimensional (2D) ferrovalley bilayers with coupled spin, valley, and layer degrees of freedom offer a promising platform for valleytronic applications. However, a unified understanding of how these properties can be controlled by external stimuli remains lacking. Here, we demonstrate a universal mechanism for electrically tuning valley splitting and the spin-valley-layer polarized anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in Janus YFI bilayers. We systematically examine how interlayer sliding and external electric fields modulate the band structure and valley polarization in 2H-YFI bilayers and construct a two-band k·p model to reveal the underlying physics. Interestingly, interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling and layer-asymmetric charge redistribution in YFI bilayers give rise to a spin-valley-layer polarized AHE. Both interlayer sliding and external electric fields effectively control the valley polarization and Hall response, showing functional equivalence in modulating these properties. Our work establishes a unified electrical control strategy for bilayer ferrovalley systems, facilitating the design of nonvolatile valleytronic devices.