Acne in Transmasculine Patients: A Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Dermatology and Endocrinology
• Transgender Health

Background:

• Acne is a frequent side effect of masculinizing hormone therapy in transmasculine individuals.
• Transmasculine patients experience a significant psychosocial burden from acne due to various barriers to care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and summarize existing literature on the prevalence and associated factors of acne in transmasculine patients.
• To inform improved dermatological care for transmasculine patients undergoing hormone therapy.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, etc.).
• Studies were included if they reported on acne prevalence, severity, or treatment in transmasculine patients.
• 38 studies, encompassing 12,010 patients, met the inclusion criteria.

Main Results:

• Acne prevalence varied significantly (29.6%–61.9%) based on study methodology.
• Acne onset typically occurred 6–12 months post-hormone therapy initiation, with some cases as early as 1 month.
• Younger age at hormone initiation was associated with increased acne risk; testosterone dosage and administration route showed no significant association.

Conclusions:

• Acne is a prevalent concern for transmasculine patients on hormone therapy, with incidence dependent on assessment methods.
• The timing of acne development suggests multifactorial causes beyond just exogenous testosterone.
• Further research is needed to understand the pathogenesis and optimize management of acne in this population.