Lato sensu postgraduate courses in Brazilian medical education: a qualitative study

The aim of this study was to analyze the provision of lato sensu postgraduate courses within the context of specialist medical training in Brazil.

Using a qualitative research approach, in-depth interviews were conducted based on a semi-structured guide with 24 key informants occupying strategic roles in the training of medical specialists. Participants included health system managers, medical educators, leaders of professional Medical Societies, and representatives from both public and private sectors.

Four core themes emerged from the interviews regarding lato sensu postgraduate courses in medicine, reflecting key concerns and perceptions raised by participants: the lack of regulation and oversight amid an expanding market; risks to the quality of specialist medical training; the predominance of private-sector provision, often misaligned with the needs of Brazil's Unified Health System; and the importance of preserving the existing framework for specialist certification, as overseen by the National Commission for Medical Residency and the Brazilian Medical Association.

Lato sensu postgraduate courses may serve a complementary role in the continuing education of doctors, but they are not a substitute for Medical Residency or the Specialist title granted by the Brazilian Association or Society of the respective specialty, which is affiliated to the Brazilian Medical Association. These programs should be subject to formal regulation and oversight, whether implemented by governmental authorities or delegated to competent civil society organizations.