Transfusion consent in Brazil: A nationwide survey of practices and form content

Obtaining consent for blood transfusion is a critical component of patient safety and promotes active patient engagement. This study aimed to assess how this practice is currently implemented in Brazil.

A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2024 to January 2025. Healthcare professionals involved in transfusion procedures across Brazil were invited to complete an electronic questionnaire based on international recommendations. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics.

Of 109 responses, 9 were excluded due to duplication. In the final sample, 63% were professionals affiliated with teaching hospitals and 61% worked in services performing over 200 transfusions per month. Overall, 21% reported not using a consent form prior to transfusion. Among the remaining respondents, 15% stated that consent could be obtained at admission, regardless of transfusion indication. The validity period of consent and procedures for legally incapacitated patients varied widely. Additionally, 33% of forms did not mention benefits, 82% of them did not include a description of the transfusion process, only 20% addressed alternatives to transfusion, and 33% included an option for revocation.

The transfusion consent process in Brazil requires significant improvement. Strengthening this practice is essential to uphold patient autonomy and enhance engagement of patients and families in healthcare decisions.