Oligosaccharide esters from Polygala paniculata with their NO inhibitory activity
Tran Hong Quang1, Pham Thi Cham1, Tran Thi Hong Hanh1
1Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Viet Nam.
Fitoterapia
|December 10, 2025
Summary
Polygala paniculata L. compounds were isolated and tested for their anti-inflammatory effects. New oligosaccharide esters (polypanicoses A-G) showed potential in inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) overproduction in macrophages.
Area of Science:
- Phytochemistry
- Pharmacology
- Immunology
Background:
- Polygala paniculata L. possesses various reported therapeutic properties.
- Traditional medicine utilizes P. paniculata for respiratory and pain conditions.
- Oligosaccharide esters represent a class of compounds with potential bioactivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize oligosaccharide esters from Polygala paniculata L.
- To evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of isolated compounds, specifically their effect on nitric oxide (NO) production.
- To investigate the mechanism of action for NO inhibition, including iNOS interaction.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of compounds using multiple chromatographic techniques.
- Structure elucidation via comprehensive spectroscopic methods (NMR, HRESI mass spectra).
- In vitro assessment of nitric oxide (NO) inhibition in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages.
- Molecular docking simulations to predict binding interactions with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).
Main Results:
- Ten oligosaccharide esters were isolated, including seven new compounds (polypanicoses A-G).
- Compounds 1-6 and 8-9 demonstrated significant inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) overproduction.
- Molecular docking suggested compounds 1 and 4 bind to the iNOS active site, modulating its activity.
- Compounds 1 and 4 also attenuated iNOS expression, indicating a regulatory role.
Conclusions:
- Polygala paniculata L. is a source of novel oligosaccharide esters with anti-inflammatory properties.
- The isolated compounds, particularly polypanicoses A-G, show promise in modulating inflammatory responses by inhibiting NO production.
- The mechanism involves down-regulation of iNOS expression, highlighting therapeutic potential for inflammatory diseases.
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