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Related Concept Videos

Structural Protein Function01:56

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Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity.  In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to...
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Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
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Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

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Emerging structural insights into PRC2 function in development and disease.

Mohd Y Bhat1, Xin Liu1

  • 1Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.

Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|December 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a crucial epigenetic regulator. Structural biology advances reveal its assembly, catalysis, and regulation mechanisms, clarifying its role in development and disease.

Keywords:
Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2)chromatin regulationepigenetic mechanismheterochromatinhistone methylationstructural biology

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A Method to Study de novo Formation of Chromatin Domains
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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a key epigenetic enzyme complex.
  • It mediates developmental gene repression by depositing the H3K27me3 histone mark.
  • PRC2 exists in distinct forms (PRC2.1, PRC2.2) and has variants, adding complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide mechanistic insights into PRC2 assembly, catalysis, chromatin targeting, and cellular regulation.
  • To address longstanding questions about the Polycomb repression system using structural biology.
  • To elucidate the atomic resolution of PRC2 function.

Main Methods:

  • Structural biology techniques.
  • Atomic resolution analysis.
  • Mechanistic investigations of PRC2.

Main Results:

  • Structural biology has provided significant mechanistic insights into PRC2.
  • Key aspects of PRC2 assembly, catalysis, chromatin targeting, and regulation are now understood at atomic resolution.
  • Longstanding questions regarding the Polycomb repression system are being addressed.

Conclusions:

  • Structural biology is crucial for understanding PRC2 function.
  • Insights into PRC2 assembly, catalysis, and regulation are vital for developmental biology.
  • Understanding PRC2 dysregulation is important for disease-associated mutations and oncoproteins.