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Stranger Rape or Impromptu Consensual Sex? Investigating Mock Juror Decision-Making in a Genuine Contested Rape

Dominic Willmott1,2, Rosie Woodhams1

  • 1Department of Criminology, Sociology and Social Policy, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.

Behavioral Sciences & the Law
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Juror biases significantly impact rape trial verdicts. Male jurors and those accepting rape myths were more likely to vote not guilty, with self-esteem influencing post-deliberation decisions.

Keywords:
juror biasjury decision‐makingrape mythssexual violencestranger rape

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Law
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Rape trial outcomes can be influenced by juror biases.
  • Understanding decision-making in disputed acquaintance rape cases is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate juror decision-making in mock rape trials with disputed acquaintance.
  • To identify factors influencing pre-deliberation and post-deliberation verdicts.

Main Methods:

  • 156 jury-eligible participants engaged in mock trials with video-recorded allegations.
  • Psychosocial questionnaires were administered pre-trial.
  • Jury deliberations aimed for unanimous verdicts.

Main Results:

  • Pre-deliberation: Male jurors, high rape myth acceptance, and low interpersonal manipulation predicted not guilty verdicts.
  • Post-deliberation: Increased self-esteem and rape myth acceptance correlated with not guilty verdicts.
  • Female and Caucasian jurors showed the highest decision change post-deliberation.

Conclusions:

  • Juror biases, including gender and rape myth acceptance, significantly affect rape trial outcomes.
  • Self-esteem and interpersonal manipulation scores are associated with verdict decisions.
  • Findings suggest potential areas for jury reform in rape trials.