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Attachment and Emotional Eating: A Scoping Review Uncovering Relational Roots to Inform Preventive Healthcare.

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Secure attachment styles correlate with less emotional eating (EE), while insecure-anxious and disorganized styles predict higher EE. Understanding attachment is key for preventing unhealthy eating behaviors.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Attachment Theory

Background:

  • Emotional eating (EE) is linked to eating disorders and insecure attachment.
  • The relationship between attachment and EE across cultures and in the general population requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between attachment conceptualizations and EE in non-clinical adolescents and adults.
  • To identify gaps in current research regarding cultural and contextual influences on attachment and EE.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 19 studies (1990-2025) from five databases.
  • Inclusion of quantitative and qualitative studies on attachment styles, representations, and states.
  • Analysis of attachment conceptualizations and their link to emotional eating.

Main Results:

  • Secure attachment is associated with lower EE; insecure-anxious and disorganized attachment with higher EE.
  • Avoidant attachment showed inconsistent associations with EE.
  • Emotion regulation difficulties, perceived hunger, body dissatisfaction, and stress were identified as mediators and moderators.

Conclusions:

  • Attachment-based frameworks are crucial for understanding and preventing EE.
  • Future research should be longitudinal, culturally diverse, and consider sex and pubertal changes.
  • Findings inform prevention efforts and global health strategies for unhealthy eating behaviors.