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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
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Age-Related Transcriptomic Changes in the Vermiform Appendix.

Damir Quien1,2, Jelena Korac-Prlic3, Katarina Vilović4,5

  • 1Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva ulica 1, 21000 Split, Croatia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The aging vermiform appendix shows reduced lymphoid follicles and neuronal integrity, mirroring gut aging processes like oxidative stress and inflammation. This suggests the appendix can model gut aging mechanisms.

Keywords:
agingappendixinflammagingintestinal barrieroxidative stresstranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Aging Research
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gut aging involves structural, functional, and microbial changes impacting health.
  • The vermiform appendix, rich in lymphoid tissue and microbiota, may reflect gut aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate histologic and gene expression changes in the vermiform appendix across pediatric, adult, and geriatric populations.
  • To determine if appendiceal aging mirrors intestinal aging processes.

Main Methods:

  • Histologic analysis of 20 morphologically normal appendiceal samples.
  • RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes and pathways in adult vs. geriatric samples.

Main Results:

  • Aged samples showed reduced lymphoid follicles and fibrous obliteration.
  • 1004 differentially expressed genes were identified between adult and geriatric groups.
  • Upregulated pathways included oxidative stress and barrier maintenance; downregulated pathways involved neuronal integrity.
  • Genes like CLDN2, MUC2, and GDF15 showed progressive shifts with aging.

Conclusions:

  • Appendiceal aging exhibits reduced lymphoid tissue and neuronal integrity, similar to intestinal aging.
  • The appendix may serve as a valuable model for studying gut aging, oxidative stress, inflammaging, and neuronal loss.