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The Central Role of GSNOR: Decoding Nitric Oxide Signaling for Crop Stress Tolerance
Ashim Kumar Das1, Da-Sol Lee1, Geum-Jin Lee1
1Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 11, 2025
Summary
S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) enzyme is crucial for plant stress tolerance by balancing nitric oxide (NO) levels. Understanding GSNOR
Area of Science:
- Plant Physiology
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is a conserved enzyme regulating nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis through S-nitrosylation.
- GSNOR plays a vital role in maintaining cellular redox balance and signaling pathways in various organisms, including plants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current knowledge on GSNOR's function in plant physiology and signaling under abiotic and biotic stresses.
- To highlight GSNOR's role in plant stress tolerance, hormonal regulation, and potential applications in sustainable agriculture.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on GSNOR in plant biology.
- Analysis of GSNOR's involvement in abiotic and biotic stress responses.
- Exploration of NO-based nanotechnology and GSNOR's role in crop production.
Main Results:
- GSNOR exhibits pleiotropic effects on plant tolerance and sensitivity to abiotic stresses.
- GSNOR modulates endogenous NO pools, balancing reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNS/ROS) under stress.
- GSNOR regulates key plant hormones (ethylene, ABA, JA, SA) in response to stress conditions.
Conclusions:
- GSNOR activity is critical for plant stress tolerance, influencing S-nitrosylation and redox homeostasis.
- NO-based nanotechnology offers new strategies for enhancing NO stability and evaluating GSNOR's role in sustainable crop production.
- Further research into GSNOR's function is essential for improving crop resilience to climate change.
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