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Epigenomics and Non-Coding RNAs in Soybean Adaptation to Abiotic Stresses
Kinga Moskal1, Bartosz Tomaszewski1, Maja Boczkowska1
1Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 11, 2025
Summary
Soybean
Area of Science:
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetics
- Epigenetics and Stress Response
- Crop Improvement and Breeding
Background:
- Soybean faces significant yield losses due to abiotic stresses like drought, heat, and salinity.
- Understanding the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms underlying soybean stress response is crucial for developing resilient varieties.
- Previous research has identified key signaling pathways but lacks a comprehensive framework integrating chromatin dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review soybean responses to drought, heat, and salinity through a signal-transcript-chromatin framework.
- To elucidate the roles of epigenetic modifications, non-coding RNAs, and gene regulation in stress tolerance.
- To identify translational routes for accelerating marker development and breeding of resilient soybean varieties.
Main Methods:
- Integrated analysis of signaling pathways (calcium, ROS, ABA) converging on transcription factor families (ABF, DREB, NAC, HSF).
- Investigation of locus-specific chromatin modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications like H3K27me3, H2A.Z dynamics).
- Analysis of non-coding RNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs) and their regulatory roles, coupled with single-nucleus and spatial atlases.
Main Results:
- A conserved chromatin layer modulates stress responses, involving dynamic DNA methylation patterns and histone modifications.
- Specific miRNAs (e.g., miR169, miR398, miR393, miR396) and lncRNA77580 play critical roles in stress tolerance and symbiosis.
- Epigenetic markers and haplotype-by-epigenotype prediction show promise for genomic prediction and marker-assisted breeding.
Conclusions:
- The signal-transcript-chromatin framework provides a comprehensive understanding of soybean's complex stress response mechanisms.
- Epigenetic regulation and non-coding RNAs are key determinants of soybean resilience to abiotic stresses.
- Translational strategies, including sentinel epimarkers and cis-regulatory editing, can accelerate the development of improved soybean cultivars.
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