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Gut Microbiota and Autism: Unlocking Connections.
Valentina Biagioli1,2, Mariarosaria Matera1,3, Ilaria Cavecchia1,4
1Microbiota International Clinical Society (MICS), 10123 Turin, Italy.
Nutrients
|December 11, 2025
Summary
The gut microbiota significantly impacts neurodevelopment in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Research links gut dysbiosis to ASD behaviors, suggesting dietary interventions may improve outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Microbiology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
- The gut microbiota plays a key role in the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA), affecting neuroinflammation and behavior.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota, diet, and neurodevelopment in ASD.
- To provide an integrated overview of emerging research in this field.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
- Included studies published between 2010 and 2025, focusing on original research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.
Main Results:
- Human and animal studies show a strong link between gut dysbiosis and ASD-related behaviors.
- Specific microbial alterations (e.g., reduced Bifidobacterium, increased Clostridium) are associated with impaired gut barrier function and inflammation.
- Altered microbial metabolites, like short-chain fatty acids, are implicated in ASD.
Conclusions:
- The gut microbiota is a critical interface between environmental factors, metabolism, and neurodevelopment in ASD.
- Dietary interventions, prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics show promise for improving neurobehavioral outcomes.
- Translating research into clinical practice is essential for supporting individuals with ASD and their families.
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