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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Related Experiment Video

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Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
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Codify and Localize Lesions on a Coronary Acoustic Map: Scientific Rationale, Trial Design and Artificial

Thach Nguyen1,2,3, Khiem Ngo4, Hoang Anh Tien5

  • 1Interventional Cardiology, Methodist Hospital, Merrillville, IN 46410, USA.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study proposes a new hydraulic model for coronary artery disease (CAD) that shifts from static imaging to dynamic assessment of coronary flow. It introduces an acoustic-based diagnostic framework to map coronary lesions and improve personalized medicine strategies.

Keywords:
coronary acoustic mapfluid mechanicsrecirculating flowretrograde pressure wavewater hammer

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Acoustic Principles

Background:

  • Current coronary artery disease (CAD) management is limited by incomplete understanding of atherosclerosis.
  • Existing diagnostic methods focus on static imaging, hindering personalized medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel framework for assessing coronary artery disease (CAD) using fluid mechanics and acoustic principles.
  • To shift diagnostic focus from static luminal stenosis to dynamic coronary flow assessment.
  • To develop an acoustic-based diagnostic framework for coronary lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptualizing the cardiovascular system as a hydraulic network.
  • Analyzing hemodynamic disturbances impacting endothelial integrity.
  • Investigating injury mechanisms from ventricular contraction and flow dynamics.
  • Developing an acoustic-based diagnostic framework for pressure-wave propagation.

Main Results:

  • Identified repetitive flexion/extension and thickened boundary layers as potential injury sites.
  • Hypothesized recirculating flow accelerates lesion development.
  • Proposed a coronary acoustic map for lesion codification and spatial delineation.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed hydraulic and acoustic framework offers a new perspective on CAD pathogenesis.
  • An AI-driven clinical trial framework is proposed to validate the coronary acoustic map's diagnostic performance.
  • This approach may enhance diagnostic accuracy and personalized medicine in CAD.