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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

3.1K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
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Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping
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Monitoring Groundwater Thermal Treatment Using a Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing Network.

Matthew W Becker1, Francine Cason1, Megan Ward-Baranyay1

  • 1Department of Earth Science, California State University Long Beach, 1200 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA 90815, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (DTS) effectively monitors groundwater thermal plumes for enhanced microbial remediation. This high-resolution method ensures heat delivery to contaminated zones, optimizing treatment effectiveness.

Keywords:
TISRThermal In Situ Sustainable Remediationfiber optic distributed temperature sensinggroundwater contaminationgroundwater remediationthermal transportvolatile organic carbon

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A Silicon-tipped Fiber-optic Sensing Platform with High Resolution and Fast Response
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Environmental Monitoring

Background:

  • Groundwater contamination by organic chemicals necessitates effective remediation strategies.
  • Elevating subsurface temperatures enhances microbial degradation rates for contaminated groundwater.
  • Precise monitoring of heat distribution is crucial for targeted remediation of contaminated groundwater.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the efficacy of a fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (DTS) system for high-resolution groundwater thermal monitoring.
  • To assess the spatial and temporal dynamics of thermal plumes generated during groundwater remediation.
  • To validate the use of DTS for ensuring heat delivery to targeted contaminated zones.

Main Methods:

  • Installation of fiber optic cable in subsurface boreholes using a novel casing withdrawal technique.
  • Utilizing a Raman-based distributed temperature sensing (DTS) unit for temperature data acquisition.
  • Collecting temperature measurements at 30-minute intervals over a 575 m span with 0.25 m spatial resolution.

Main Results:

  • The DTS system provided high spatial and temporal resolution temperature data, exceeding 110,000 data points daily.
  • The development and migration of thermal plumes from solar-heated borehole heat exchangers were successfully monitored.
  • Pseudo-3D visualization revealed lateral and upward plume movement, confirming contact with the intended treatment zone.

Conclusions:

  • Fiber-optic DTS is a highly effective strategy for monitoring thermal remediation of contaminated groundwater.
  • High-resolution temperature sensing ensures optimal heat delivery to contaminated regions, enhancing treatment efficiency.
  • The demonstrated DTS method provides valuable data for validating and optimizing groundwater remediation processes.