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Analysis of the Dick Effect for AI-Based Dynamic Gravimeters
Wen-Zhang Wang1,2, Xi Chen1,3, Jin-Ting Li1,2
1Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 11, 2025
Summary
Dead time in atom interferometer (AI) dynamic gravimeters causes significant gravity measurement noise. Reducing dead time and high-frequency acceleration noise are key to improving AI gravimeter precision.
Area of Science:
- Geophysics and Metrology
- Quantum Sensing and Instrumentation
Background:
- Atom interferometer (AI)-based dynamic gravimeters offer high-precision absolute gravity measurements vital for geophysics, navigation, and resource exploration.
- Minimizing measurement noise is critical for advancing the performance of these sophisticated instruments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the gravity-measurement noise in AI-based dynamic gravimeters specifically caused by the dead time of classical accelerometers.
- To elucidate the underlying mechanism of this noise and identify effective mitigation strategies.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of actual dynamic gravity measurement data from AI systems.
- Derivation of a frequency-domain formula to explain the noise mechanism.
- Quantification of noise impact associated with accelerometer dead time.
Main Results:
- A dead time of 0.12 seconds in AI gravimeters was shown to introduce significant gravity measurement noise, reaching up to 8 mGal.
- High-frequency aliasing was identified as the primary source of this noise through frequency-domain analysis.
- Derived expressions confirmed that reducing dead time and suppressing high-frequency acceleration noise are effective countermeasures.
Conclusions:
- Accelerometer dead time is a critical factor contributing to noise in AI-based dynamic gravimeters.
- The study provides valuable insights into noise analysis for AI gravimeters.
- Findings will guide future designs for enhanced precision and reliability in AI dynamic gravimeters.
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