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Multi-Band Enhanced Energy Harvesting from Dual Sources Using a Symmetrical Gradient Metamaterial Beam.

Weiqiang Mo1,2, Yubin Lin1,2, Shiqing Huang1,2

  • 1School of Industrial Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, China.

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|December 11, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel symmetrical gradient metamaterial beam (SGMB) for enhanced vibration energy harvesting. The SGMB significantly boosts power generation for wireless sensors by capturing high-frequency energy and reducing interference.

Keywords:
dual-sourceenergy harvestingmetamaterialmulti-bandrainbow trapping

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Area of Science:

  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Harvesting

Background:

  • Wireless sensors are crucial for real-time condition monitoring of rotating machinery.
  • Battery-dependent sensors pose environmental and maintenance challenges.
  • Existing vibration energy harvesters often neglect high-frequency energy and suffer from destructive interference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel energy harvesting method for wireless sensors using a symmetrical gradient metamaterial beam (SGMB).
  • To enhance the capture of high-frequency vibration energy and mitigate destructive interference from multiple sources.
  • To enable self-powered and self-sensing wireless sensor capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Design and optimization of an SGMB structure utilizing the rainbow trapping mechanism for multi-band frequency enhancement.
  • Integration of multiple piezoelectric patches for converting dynamic stress into electrical power.
  • Validation of band characteristics and piezoelectric output performance through finite element simulation and experimental evaluation.

Main Results:

  • The SGMB demonstrated multiple enhanced frequency bands between 1000 Hz and 3500 Hz.
  • Energy harvesting efficiency was improved by over a factor of 100 compared to traditional methods.
  • The structure effectively diminished destructive interference of flexural waves from dual vibration sources.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SGMB is a breakthrough for self-powered wireless sensors, particularly for rotating machinery condition monitoring.
  • This metamaterial approach significantly enhances high-frequency vibration energy harvesting efficiency.
  • The SGMB offers a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to battery-powered sensors.