Extraction and Identification of Active Components from Lilium lancifolium Based on NADES-UHPLC-MS/MS Technology

Area of Science:

• Phytochemistry
• Green Chemistry
• Natural Product Extraction

Background:

• Lilium lancifolium bulbs are a source of pharmacologically active saponins.
• Traditional extraction methods are inefficient, costly, and hazardous.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a green and efficient extraction method for saponins from L. lancifolium using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES).
• To compare the efficacy of NADES with traditional ethanol extraction.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis and screening of 24 NADES for stability.
• Selection of 14 NADES for saponin extraction from L. lancifolium.
• Optimization of NADES extraction conditions.
• Quantitative analysis of total saponin content.
• UHPLC-MS/MS analysis for chemical component identification.

Main Results:

• NADES-15 (choline chloride: anhydrous citric acid, 2:1) was the most effective solvent.
• NADES-15 extraction yielded significantly higher total saponin content (46.6 mg/g) than ethanol.
• UHPLC-MS/MS analysis identified 31 compounds with NADES-15, including all nine target steroidal saponins, versus 17 compounds and six saponins with ethanol.

Conclusions:

• NADES provide a superior method for extracting a greater diversity and quantity of active compounds from L. lancifolium.
• This study presents a novel, green, and efficient approach for natural product extraction.