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Related Concept Videos

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

994
Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
994
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management01:25

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management

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Pharmacologic intervention is crucial in treating cardiac arrest patients during ACLS or Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support. The ACLS algorithms guide the administration of specific drugs based on the patient's cardiac arrest rhythm, which includes pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), asystole, and pulseless electrical activity (PEA).EpinephrineIndication: Epinephrine is the first-line drug for all cardiac arrest rhythms.Mechanism of Action: Epinephrine...
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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
952
Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla

1.1K
Procedural Guide for Assessing Axillary Body Temperature using a Digital Thermometer:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...
1.1K
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

8.5K
As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
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Guidelines For Measuring Vital Signs01:19

Guidelines For Measuring Vital Signs

2.7K
Following these guidelines can help nurses accurately measure vital signs, assess changes in patient conditions, and provide timely treatment when necessary. Adhering closely to the guidelines ensures the accuracy and reliability of the results.
Before taking a patient's vital signs, a nurse would consider and assess the patient's comfort level and ensure appropriate equipment is available.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
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Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management

Published on: November 21, 2017

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Practice Patterns and Trends in Temperature Control After Cardiac Arrest: A Multi-Specialty Survey.

Casey T Carr1, Melody B Eckert2, Nilan Bhakta3

  • 1Nazih Zuhdi Transplant Institute, Specialty Critical Care and Acute Circulatory Support Service, INTERIS Baptist Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73112, USA.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Physician practices for temperature control after cardiac arrest vary widely, influenced by specialty and institutional protocols rather than emerging evidence like the TTM2 trial. Standardized pathways are needed for consistent post-cardiac arrest care.

Keywords:
cardiac arrestpost cardiac arrest syndrometargeted temperature managementtemperature controltherapeutic hypothermia

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Temperature control is recommended post-cardiac arrest, but practice variability persists.
  • Conflicting evidence and trial interpretations contribute to inconsistent bedside implementation.
  • Understanding physician perspectives is crucial for aligning care with evolving evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess international physician perceptions of temperature control after cardiac arrest.
  • To characterize patterns of use, understanding of neurologic injury, and influence of new literature.
  • To identify factors influencing temperature target selection and practice.

Main Methods:

  • A 39-item web-based survey was distributed to critical care, neurology, and emergency medicine physicians.
  • The survey assessed demographics, temperature control practices, and interpretation of recent trials.
  • Responses from 471 physicians were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Main Results:

  • Targeted temperature management (TTM) was often initiated based on guidelines and institutional protocols.
  • The most common temperature target was 36°C; awareness of the TTM2 trial was high, but practice changes were limited.
  • Physician specialty, cardiac arrest volume, and practice setting influenced temperature target selection.

Conclusions:

  • Significant heterogeneity exists in post-cardiac arrest temperature control practices and rationales.
  • Institutional protocols heavily influence implementation, often overriding emerging evidence.
  • Standardized, evidence-based pathways are recommended to reduce variability and improve care consistency.