Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

18.3K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
18.3K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

27.7K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
27.7K
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

7.5K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
7.5K
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

730
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
730
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

7.2K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
7.2K
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

5.6K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

PUM2 binds SARS-CoV-2 RNA and PUM1 mildly reduces viral RNA levels, but neither protein affects progeny virus production.

The Journal of general virology·2025
Same author

PUM2 binds SARS-CoV-2 RNA and PUM1 mildly reduces viral RNA levels, but neither protein affects progeny virus production.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

In Situ Detection of Gastrointestinal Inflammatory Biomarkers Using Electrochemical Gas Sensors.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2022
Same journal

A human-specific genetic modifier reconfigures large-scale cortical network dynamics underlying behavioral performance.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> uses a eukaryotic-like uridyltransferase to make UDP-GlcNAc for cell wall synthesis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Dynamic redistribution of eIF4F controls cap-dependent translation initiation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

When does additional information improve accuracy of RNA secondary structure prediction?

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Normative brain-state trajectories reveal deviation from healthy aging in Alzheimer's disease.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Noradrenergic infraslow rhythm during sleep is the critical link between heart-rate dynamics and memory consolidation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism
09:05

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism

Published on: February 6, 2017

7.9K

Viral non-coding RNAs hijack host Pumilio proteins to regulate host transcripts.

Nhi Phan1, Paulina Pawlica1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Herpesvirus saimiri non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) bind host Pumilio proteins (PUM1/2), altering T-cell states and promoting viral persistence. This interaction reveals a new mechanism of viral reprogramming in lymphocytes.

More Related Videos

In Vitro Transcribed RNA-based Luciferase Reporter Assay to Study Translation Regulation in Poxvirus-infected Cells
08:58

In Vitro Transcribed RNA-based Luciferase Reporter Assay to Study Translation Regulation in Poxvirus-infected Cells

Published on: May 1, 2019

15.6K
Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum
10:22

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Published on: December 4, 2015

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 9, 2026

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism
09:05

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism

Published on: February 6, 2017

7.9K
In Vitro Transcribed RNA-based Luciferase Reporter Assay to Study Translation Regulation in Poxvirus-infected Cells
08:58

In Vitro Transcribed RNA-based Luciferase Reporter Assay to Study Translation Regulation in Poxvirus-infected Cells

Published on: May 1, 2019

15.6K
Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum
10:22

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Published on: December 4, 2015

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Viral non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play diverse roles in persistent infections.
  • Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) expresses small nuclear RNAs (HSURs) during latency.
  • Host RNA-binding proteins are crucial interactors for viral ncRNAs, but their roles are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between HVS HSURs and host RNA-binding proteins.
  • To determine the functional consequences of HSUR-Pumilio interactions in T-cells and B-cells.
  • To elucidate the role of these interactions in viral persistence and host cell reprogramming.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of HSUR1 and HSUR2 binding to Pumilio proteins (PUM1 and PUM2) using Pumilio response elements (PREs).
  • Assessing changes in T-cell states (Jurkat cells) by measuring surface markers like CXCR3 and CD57.
  • Investigating gene regulation in BJAB B cells and the impact of PUM1/2 depletion.

Main Results:

  • HSUR1 and HSUR2 bind to PUM1 and PUM2 via conserved PREs.
  • Wild-type HSURs, but not PRE-mutant variants, induce an effector/memory-like T-cell state.
  • Depletion of PUM1 or PUM2 mimics HSUR-induced T-cell changes, with PUM1 having a dominant effect.
  • HSUR1-mediated gene regulation in B cells shows cell-type specificity with some reversed effects.

Conclusions:

  • Pumilio proteins (PUM1/2) are key host partners for γ-herpesviral ncRNAs (HSURs).
  • HSURs sequester PUM proteins, influencing T- and B-cell states and promoting viral persistence.
  • This interaction represents a novel mechanism of lymphocyte reprogramming by viral ncRNAs.