Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Iranian Patients on Sunscreen Application

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major risk factor for photoaging and skin cancer. Use of sunscreens is an essential preventive strategy, but its efficacy is hampered by incorrect application and low knowledge.

The purpose of this study was to determine the parameters linked to appropriate photoprotection behaviors and to evaluate the general public's knowledge, attitudes, and practices surrounding the usage of sunscreen.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, on 292 patients referred to two private skin clinics. They were asked to complete a questionnaire measuring the participants' attitudes and knowledge regarding the usage of sunscreen based on the American Academy of Dermatology recommendations. Clinical and demographic information was also gathered. Associations between patient features, attitudes, and knowledge were investigated by statistical analysis.

Although 61.5% of participants agreed that using sunscreen every day is essential, there were clear knowledge gaps on the minimum sun protection factor (SPF) recommendations (33.8%), when to apply it (33.3%), and how long to wait between applications (38.1%). Price had an impact on attitudes about sunscreen; 34.5% of respondents said they would use it more often if it were given away for free. Information on sunscreen was primarily obtained from dermatologists (47.3%). Knowledge and variables, including age, gender, and educational attainment, were shown to be significantly correlated (p < 0.05).

Even though most people understand how important sunscreen is, there is still important information gaps that might result in insufficient UV protection. Enhancing sunscreen adherence through public health campaigns and targeted education by healthcare professionals is essential to reduce skin cancer risk.